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PMID 18845418

These factors have aided market growth and recently increased the sales of niche products, including e-cigarettes, through online retail

Severe symptoms such as the following may require medical intervention

An equally troubling aspect of this proposed tax hike is its disproportionate penalization of vaping products, which have been widely established as an effective harm reduction tool for existing smokers

Dual users, who showed higher levels of nicotine dependence and urinary cotinine compared to cigarette-only smokers, also exhibited more psychosocial and behavioral risk factors such as perceived high stress, depressive mood, high daily energy intake, and obesity, compared to never smokers and cigarette-only smokers 32